Category: Proceedings

Contents

Editor’s Notes	264
Dinantian carbonate cycles of west Cumbria, Dr. G.A.L. Johnson	265
Quaternary landscape evolution in the Lake District, Dr. J. Boardman	285
Sellafield geological investigation: a deep site investigation for a potential radioactive waste repository, C.J. Thompson	317
A possible late incursion of Scottish ice into N.Cumbria, Dr. R. Clark	327
Recent B.G.S. work in Cumbria, B. Young	331
Geology of the western slopes of Cross Fell, Dr. R. C. Wright	335
Metamorphic rocks of the Skiddaw granite aureole, Mrs A. C.Marchant	341
Borrowdale Volcanic rocks of the Borrowdale area, Dr. R.A. Smith	342
Coal Measures of W. Cumbria – D.Dickens, Dr. P. Guion & N.Jones	344
Rocks of the Armathwaite district, E. Skipsey	347
Geology of Keltonfell Top, Kirkland, M.B. Dodd	349
Honister Crag & Yew Crag slate quarries, A.D. Cameron	351
Geology of the area south of Torver, D. Kelly	353
Glaciation of Low Furness, Dr. R. Clark	355
Permian rocks of the N. Solway basin, Dr.S.K. Monro	358
Cleator Moor coal & haematite mines, M.B. Dodd	360
Skiddaw Group of Watch Hill & Sale Fell, Dr. R. Hughes	361
Geology of the Lowther valley, T. Shipp	364
Presidential Address: A geologist in the Falkland Islands, T. Shipp	367
Sedimentation in Cumbrian lakes, Dr. R.A.Smith	376
The last glaciation in Cumbria, Dr. R. Clark	378
Recent advances in the understanding of the Skiddaw Group, Dr. R. Hughes	380
Hydrocarbon exploration in the Manx basin, Dr. D.E. Jackson	382
Minerals of the Caldbeck Fells, Dr. M. Cooper	384
Shap granite, Dr. D. W. Williams	386
Evolution of the Lake District landscape, Dr. J. Boardman	387
Nuclear waste disposal & Ordovician volcanics, Dr. M. G. Petterson	387
R.I.G.S. in Cumbria, E. Skipsey	390
Obituaries	392
Annual Dinners 1990-91	399
Annual General Meetings 1991-92	400

Contents

Editor’s Note	128
The Scar Limestone at Faulds Brow Quarry, Caldbeck; Dr.S. Kershaw & D. Gaudoin	129
Recent developments concerning the Borrowdale Volcanic Group; Dr M.G. Petterson	151
The depositional environment & dune morphology of the Penrith Sandstone; Dr.F.J. Cockersole	169
On the last glaciation of Cumbria; Dr.R. Clark	187
Excursion to the Bewcastle area, N. Cumbria; Mr.I. Gray	209
Mineralisation in the Vale of Newlands; Mr.B. Young	211
Volcanic rocks in Wasdale; Dr.M.G. Petterson	213
Glacial & fluvial sediments in Mosedale, South of Threlkeld; Dr.J. Boardman	215
Limestone quarries near Moota; Mr. F. Lawton & Mr. M. Sanderson	217
Glacial landforms & sediments in Swindale – Dr.A.G. Lunn	218
Landscapes & rocks in the Eycott Hill & Carrock Fell areas; Dr.R. Clark	220
The Skiddaw Group of Causey Pike; Dr.A.H. Cooper	222
Geology of the Helsington/Levens area; Mr.A.S. Day	231
Sedimentology of the St. Bees sandstone, W. Cumbria; Dr.B.Waugh	233
Aspects of carbonate deposition in the Caribbean; Dr.D.Bosence	235
Aspects of the geology of the Isle of Man; Mr. E.Skipsey	237
Presidential address: Geology in cold climates; Mr.T. Shipp	239
Geological mapping from space; Dr.J.McM.Moore	251
The work of B.G.S. in Northern England; Mr.B.Young	252
The Dalradian rocks of Donegal; Dr.A.Bell	254
OBITUARIES	257
ANNUAL DINNERS – 1988 and 1989	258
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETINGS – 1988 and 1989	259
LISTS OF OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY – 1988 and 1989	259
EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL MEETING -1990	260

Contents

Editor’s Note	4
The Geology and Mineralisation of the Force Crag Mine, Cumbria, B. Young and Dr.A.H. Cooper	5
Wavellite and Variscite from Scar Crag Cobalt Mine, Cumbria, B. Young	13
Pattern & Order in the Lake District Landscape, Dr.R. Clark	17
The Solway Basin: its evolution and energy potential, E. Skipsey	35
The Skiddaw Group near Loweswater, Dr.P.M. Allen	47
Excursion to the Kirkby-in-Furness area, D. Kelly	49
Excursion to Hawkshead Hill and Appletreeworth, Dr.J.D. Gunner	52
Geology of the Walna Scar area, D. Leviston	53
Excursion to Wanlockhead, E. Smithson	54
Granophyre-Granite-B.V.G. boundaries in Wasdale, F. Jones	55
Glacial and periglacial geomorphology around Keswick, Dr.J. Boardman	58
Excursion to Langholm and Newcastleton areas, I. Gray	61
Alston Moor glaciation, Dr.A.G. Lunn	64
Excursion to Eskdale and Birker Fell, Dr.E.W. Johnson	64
Field Excursion to Shap Wells district, E. Skipsey	70
The Volcanics of Upper Eskdale, Dr.D. MilIward	71
The Cross Fell Inlier, Dr.R.C. Wright	75
The Lower Carboniferous near Orton, A. Day	78
The old mines of the Roughton Gill valley, F. Lawton and M. Sanderson	81
Glacial, periglacial and other features in Dovedale and at Little Hart Crag, Dr.R. Clark	82
The Evolution of Northern England during the Permian Period, Dr.D.B. Smith	90
The Geochemical Evolution and Geothermal Potential of U.K. Granites with particular reference to the Lake District, Prof.G.C. Brown	92
Facies variations within the Basal Lower Carboniferous clastic rocks in East Cumbria, Dr.R.N. Kimber	98
Rocks, relief and glaciation in the Lake District, Dr. R. A. Smith	106
The Lakes and Tarns of Cumbria, Dr R.A. Smith	110
Caldera Volcanoes past and future, Dr. R. Macdonald	112
Some aspects of the Geology and Geography of Svalbard, T. Shipp	113
OBITUARIES	121
ANNUAL DINNERS, 1986 and 1987	121
ACCOUNTS, 1986 and 1987	122
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETINGS, 1987 and 1988	124
LISTS OF OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY, 1987 and 1988	124

Contents

Editor’s Note	Page 360
The use of Aerial Photographs in Lake District Geology, Dr. F. Moseley	361
Lake District Highlands and Islands during the Upper Palaeozoic, Mr. R.N. Kimber & Dr.G.A.L.Johnson	377
A Seismic Refraction Survey for Hematite near Beckermet, Cumbria, Dr.C.D.V.Wilson	391
Wulfenite from Ruthwaite Lodge, Grisedale – a new Lake District occurrence, Mr.B.Young	403
Comments on Sir Kingsley Dunham’s Paper: Age and Origin of the Cumbrian Hematite (C.G.S.Proceedings,Vol.4,pt.3), Dr.A.M. Evans	405
Notes on the Cumbrian Hematite, Dr.G.A. Schnellmann	407
Mines of the Newlands Valley	410
Moresby & Keekle Opencast Coal Site	411
The Plumbago Mines of Seathwaite in Borrowdale	413
Geology of Kielder Reservoir	414
Coniston Copper Mines	417
Excursion to the Skiddaw Group, Hope Beck	419
Mineral Deposits of the Alston Area	421
The Lower Carboniferous of the Orton Scar Area	425
The ‘Submerged Forest’ near Allonby	427
Geological Aspects of Radioactive Waste Disposal	429
A Mini-lecture Evening	432
Aspects of Metalliferous Mineralization in the Lake District	434
The Geology of East Lothian	437
The Geology of East Lothian	439
Ordovician Stratovolcanoes in the Duddon Valley	442
Hematite Mining in Cumbria	445
Diagenesis of Limestone with special reference to the Carboniferous Limestones of South Cumbria	448
Ostracods and their Geological Uses	454
The Geological Evolution of the Earth-like Planets	461
Glaciation with special reference to the Lake District	464
Mineral Identification and the Importance of Collecting	467
Report on Recent Investigations in the Lake District by The British Geological Survey	470
Geological Fieldwork in Arctic Norway	474
OBITUARIES	478
ANNUAL DINNER, 1984. ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING, 1985	480
ANNUAL DINNER, 1985. ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING, 1986	482
TOURIST REPORT FROM C.G.S. MEMBER – Shetland Isles	484

Contents

Editor’s Note	Page 236
A Volcanic Vent at Colt Crag, near Coniston, Cumbria, Watson	237
The Philosophy of Stream Sediment Exploration and Indications of Mineralisation from a Stream Sediment Survey in the Western Lake District, Buckley	245
Classification, Age and Origin of the Cumbrian Hematite, Dunham	259
Siderite from the West Cumbrian Hematite Deposits, Young	267
Geology and History of Nab Gill Mine, Eskdale, Cumbria, Young	269
Deglaciation Features North and South of Ennerdale	277
Excursion to Borrowdale and Langstrath	278
Visits to the Anhydrite Mine, Whitehaven	281
Excursion to the Threlkeld Micro-granite	282
Excursion to Drygill and Driggeth Mines	283
The Carboniferous Succession around the Levens Estuary	284
Geology from ‘La’al Ratty’	287
Excursion to Gilsland Area	289
Geology of the Eastern Fells around Renwick	291
Excursion to Pica Opencast Coal Site	294
Visit to Florence Mine, Egremont	296
Excursion to the Little Knott Picrite	297
Excursion to Dobb’s Linn	298
Excursion to the Duddon Valley	301
Carboniferous Limestone of Blackstone Point, Arnside	303
The Carboniferous Limestone of Yewbarrow and Whitbarrow	306
The Rocks of the Eden Valley	308
Excursion to the Three Shires Stone	309
The West Cumberland Hematite Ore Field	311
A Modern Look at the Geology of the Lake District	318
The Science of Gemstones	320
A History of Coal Mining in West Cumbria	321
Trace Fossils	323
Landslides, Subsidence and Other Forms of Earth Movement	325
Antarctica and the Gondwana Jigsaw	327
First Impressions of the Geology of Iceland	329
The Calculation and Estimation of Oil and Gas Reserves	333
Silurian Geology and Fauna in Scotland	335
Coal and Coal-bearing Rocks: How long to form them?	337
TOURIST REPORT: The Auvergne	340
TOURIST REPORT: Malta’s Stratigraphy	341
ANNUAL DINNERS: 23rd April, 1982 & 22nd April 1983	342
22nd and 23rd Annal General Meetings	344
ADDRESSES OF OFFICERS	353
LIST OF SOCIETY PUBLICATIONS	354
NOTICES	356

Contents

Drumlins at Watendlath, P.Wilson	Page 105
Further Vertebrate Footprints from the Lower Permian Sandstones of Cumbria, W. A. S. Sarjeant	111
Glacial Geomorphology of the Keswick Area, Northern Cumbria, J. Boardman	115
Excursion to Thornthwaite Forest. Skiddavian Turbidites	135
Palaeozoic Rocks of the Orton Area	138
The Lower Carboniferous Limestones of Furness	140
Carboniferous Limestone Quarries in the Frizington Kirkland Area	143
The Elterwater Slate Quarry	144
Stockhow Hall Limestone Quarry	145
Excursion to the Buttermere Valley	146
The Faulted Outlier at Mousegill Quarry, Wilton, near Egremont	147
The Ordovician Inlier of Taythes Beck (Cautley area, near Sedbergh)	147
The Mell Fell Conglomerate	152
The Watch Hill Grit and the Igneous Rocks of the Embleton area	153
The Rocks of the Langholm area	156
Excursion to Carrock Fell and Brandy Gill	157
Mines of the Newlands Valley	160
The Granite in Wasdale	161
The Scilly Banks Opencast Coal Site	163
Rocks and Features of the Upper Calder Valley	165
Excursion to Edinburgh	167
Other Excursions and Short Evening Excursions	168
Early Palaeozoic Shelf Sediments in Prince of Wales and Somerset Islands, Arctic Canada	169
The Persistence of Man	171
Dam Geology	173
British Carboniferous Volcanoes and their Origins	175
The Stratigraphy of the Yorkshire Dales	177
The Mineralisation of the Pennines	179
The Geology of North Cumbria and the Borders	182
Earthquake Activity in Northern Britain	184
The British Antarctic Survey	186
The Geological Record of Pleistocene Climatic Changes	187
Geology and Ancient Man	189
The Late-glacial Period (15,000 – 10,000 years ago)	191
The Cambrian Geology of the Northern Interior Plains of Canada	194
The Morphology of an Active Plate Boundary	196
Geology and Wine	198
A Practical Approach to Geological Field Work	201
NOTES ON GASTRIOCERAS CUMBRIENSE	203
ANNUAL DINNERS: 25th April, 1980 and 9th May, 1981	206
19th, 20th and 21st ANNUAL GENERAL MEETINGS	212
A NEW PUBLICATION – LAKE DISTRICT GUIDE	227
LIST OF SOCIETY PUBLICATIONS	228
NOTICES	230